The medical imaging field has been considerably impacted in recent years by the emergence of digital imaging modalities, including computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR), also known as direct digital radiography. When considering a switch to CR or DR, facilities should anticipate the need for extensive staff training because medical imaging professionals require specialized knowledge in these systems to make the regular adjustments to image acquisition and processing that limit radiation dose while preserving image quality. This review addresses important similarities and differences between CR and DR technologies and explains technical practices that can help maximize the safety and diagnostic strength of these modalities.
New technological advancements in breast imaging modalities are improving image quality and enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer detection, staging, and treatment. The American Cancer Society's most recent breast cancer screening guidelines recommend an overlapping approach for high-risk patients by using dual modalities in the screening process. Studies indicate that using a redundancy approach to breast cancer screening in high-risk patients by incorporating dual modalities in the screening process has proven beneficial in improving early detection and long-term survival rates. This article provides a brief overview of breast cancer, the existing breast imaging modalities, and the new technological advancements are presented.
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world and is responsible for more deaths annually in the United States than cancers of the breast, colorectal cancer, and prostate cancer combined. This article will provide a summary of the epidemiology, pathology, and staging of lung cancer and the current radiation treatment options available to patients, with special reference to stereotactic body radiation therapy and accelerated dose regimens for non-resectable early stage lung cancer and lung metastases. Also, new strategies involving biological molecular targeting will be addressed.
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A preliminary analysis of patients with locally advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with concurrent chemotherapy and proton-beam therapy shows a significant reduction in bone marrow toxicity, compared with those treated with concurrent chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy.
Recent findings published in the November issue of the journal, Gut, suggest that there are identifiable subsets of patients with Crohn's disease who are at risk of exposure to high levels of diagnostic radiation.
A combination of external beam radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical resection, and intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) can cure some patients with unresectable colorectal cancer, according to a report in the October issue of the Annals of Surgery.
New research indicates that although low-dose computed tomography (CT) of the chest can identify lung cancer at an early, more treatable stage, it can also lead to major surgical procedures that uncover no cancer.
Chemotherapy appears to be an effective alternative to radiotherapy in the treatment of testicular seminoma, Spanish researchers reported in an ahead-of-print online publication of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
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